YARN - INTRODUCTION, CLASSIFICATION - SIMPLE, PLY AND SPECIALITY YARNS, YARN NUMBER, BLENDING ( Part-1)

YARN INTRODUCTION:



Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres preferably using twist, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, and rope making. and/or filaments with or without twist”.

A textile yarn is an assembly of substantial length and relatively small cross section of fibers

Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine. Modern manufactured sewing threads may be finished with wax or other lubricants to withstand the stresses involved in sewing. Embroidery threads are yarns specifically designed for hand or machine embroidery.

The most common plant fiber is cotton, which is typically spun into fine yarn for mechanical weaving or knitting into cloth.

The most common plant fiber is cotton, which is typically spun into fine yarn for mechanical weaving or knitting into cloth

CLASSIFICATION OF YARN: SIMPLE, PLY & SPECIALTY YARN

  

Spun Yarn Or Staple Yarn

  Spun-staple yarns consist of staple fibers assembled and bound together by various means (usually twist) to produce the required characteristics such as strength, handle and appearance.

 1. Short Staple Yarn: Yarn produced using less than 60mm fibres are called short staple yarn.

 i. Ring Spun Yarn:

These are produced on the ring and traveller twist system from a wide variety of fibre types .

length ranges from 15 mm to 50mm.

The softness changes with respect to twist. Used to produce woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, home textile materials and industrial fabrics.

It is of mono-structure, has hairy fibres on its surface. Highly cohesive in structure.

https://youtu.be/rv4C2vuA15k

•  Yarn properties: high tensile strength

• Moderate uniformity,less production rates

• Application: yarns for warp woven, knitting and weft yarns

• DisAdvantages: high manufacturing cost;

• High energy expenses and labor cost

• Rotor spun Yarn

These yarns consist of fibers bound together by twist. Rotor spun yarns are generally produced from short staple fibers.. Used to produce bedsheets, bed linen, sofa cover, home textile materials.

 

 

 

ii. Rotor spun Yarn

Three phase structure. Core, sheath and belt/ wrap fibres. Typical characteristics of this so-called core-twist are therefore a harder handle accompanied by a lower strength than is obtained with sheath-twist, since the outer layers have relatively little twist and can thus contribute little to strength. However, abrasion-resistance is often better. Removal of outer fibers due to abrasion has little effect, since these fibers did not create much strength anyhow. In rotor-spun yarns, this outer layer exhibits other peculiarities. One of these is the presence of wrap fibers. These are fibers which fly directly onto the fully created yarn as the rotor passes under the feed passage.